How ISOs are developed

In order to remain popular, ISO standards need to be relevant to the industries they cover. That is why the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) regularly reviews the standards in place to check that they still apply to current business needs.

These reviews take place every 5 years and are performed by National Standards Bodies to ensure that each country tailors the standard in question to its needs. And with more than three quarters of ISO members coming from developing countries, this also ensures that standards apply equally to developed and developing countries alike, meaning that companies needn’t feel disadvantaged when it comes to standardisation.

Standards are developed by Technical Committees (TCs) made up of independent technical experts nominated by ISO’s members. These TCs are then divided into Sub Committees (SCs). Whereas TCs manage rather broad subjects, such as “Language and terminology”, SCs manage far more specific subjects within those broader domains.

The process

Now, despite having already developed over 22,000 standards, ISO is still creating more. The development process of a new standard is as follows:

1. The first step in creating a new standard is identifying a specific market need and justifying the need for a new international standard in the subject area.
2. Once that has been done, the parent committee usually sets up a working group (WG) – made up of experts and a Convenor (Convenors have a deep understanding of the subject field and market needs).
3. The working draft is then shared with the members of the parent committee. If the committee uses the draft as it is, then the newly named Committee Draft (CD) is circulated to the members of the committee who then comment and vote on it. Otherwise, successive modified CDs may be circulated until consensus is reached.
4. Once consensus has been reached, the Draft International Standard (DIS) is submitted to the ISO Central Secretariat by the committee secretary. It is then circulated to all ISO members who then have 12 weeks to vote and comment on it.
5. If the DIS has been approved without any technical changes, then the project goes straight to publication. If, however, changes have been made, the DIS becomes a FDIS (Final Draft International Standard), which is then submitted to ISO/Central Secretariat (ISO/CS) by the Committee Secretary. The FDIS is then circulated to all ISO members, who then have 8 weeks to vote on it.
6. At this stage the secretary submits the final document for publication through the Submission Interface. If the standard has passed through the Approval stage (step 5), the secretary may submit the project leader’s responses to member body comments on the FDIS.
7. The only changes made to the final text at this point are editorial corrections. It is then published by the ISO Central Secretariat as an International Standard. Committee secretaries and project leaders get a two-week sign-off period before the standard is published.

From start to finish, developing a standard from scratch usually takes about three years.

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